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LDL cholesterol: every measured intervention

Ranked only against the same measurement, in the same unit. See the positive, neutral, opposite-direction and still-collecting evidence before deciding what is worth your own test.

Phoenix APOE4 Research · Reviewed by Kevin Tran, APOE4/4 carrier and founder · Data through 2026-08-23 · How to read this research

How to read this

Observational research: real APOE4 carriers tracked over time, each compared with their own earlier self. Members chose their interventions, with no randomisation or placebo group. Everything else they changed is shown beside each result.

Read the full methods and limits

Questions about LDL cholesterol

What can improve LDL cholesterol for APOE4 carriers?

For APOE4 carriers, Phoenix has published positive evidence for Curcumin, Niacin, Ezetimibe, Probiotics, Psyllium, Statin family, Metformin, and Plain omega-3 against LDL cholesterol. Member #1EB8E9's LDL cholesterol moved from 151.4 to 120.3 mg/dL in 106 days. Member #4025C9's LDL cholesterol moved from 135 to 121 mg/dL in 255 days. Three members lowered LDL cholesterol in windows where ezetimibe was the most mechanistically established component of a larger combination. Two probiotic strains in two clean curated cases lowered LDL cholesterol by 32.7% and 26.1%. LDL cholesterol moved from 263 to 78 mg/dL in 70 days, but an undated ezetimibe entry may be the real actor. Member #5AA27F's longer arc moved LDL cholesterol from 161 to 49 mg/dL, about 70% lower; the aggregate statin effect remains unresolved. Member #2351C3's LDL cholesterol moved from 83 to 59 mg/dL in 881 days. Member #1EA5B3's LDL cholesterol moved from 129 to 99 mg/dL, down 23.3%, across a one-year clean window. Estradiol patch moved the opposite direction.

What has Phoenix measured against LDL cholesterol?

Phoenix has measured 9 interventions against LDL cholesterol: 8 positive, 1 opposite-direction. See the table below.

Every intervention measured against LDL cholesterol

Interventions measured against LDL cholesterol
InterventionWhat we observedEvidence status
CurcuminMember #1EB8E9's LDL cholesterol moved from 151.4 to 120.3 mg/dL in 106 days.Repeated positive
NiacinMember #4025C9's LDL cholesterol moved from 135 to 121 mg/dL in 255 days.Repeated positive
EzetimibeThree members lowered LDL cholesterol in windows where ezetimibe was the most mechanistically established component of a larger combination.Repeated positive
ProbioticsTwo probiotic strains in two clean curated cases lowered LDL cholesterol by 32.7% and 26.1%.Repeated positive
PsylliumLDL cholesterol moved from 263 to 78 mg/dL in 70 days, but an undated ezetimibe entry may be the real actor.Repeated positive
Statin familyMember #5AA27F's longer arc moved LDL cholesterol from 161 to 49 mg/dL, about 70% lower; the aggregate statin effect remains unresolved.Repeated positive
MetforminMember #2351C3's LDL cholesterol moved from 83 to 59 mg/dL in 881 days.Positive individual result
Plain omega-3Member #1EA5B3's LDL cholesterol moved from 129 to 99 mg/dL, down 23.3%, across a one-year clean window.Positive individual result
Estradiol patchMember #D9A2BF's LDL cholesterol moved opposite the goal, rising 13% while HDL and triglycerides improved.Opposite direction

What changed for real APOE4 carriers?

Search by health goal or intervention to see what changed for real members, including results that moved the wrong way.

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Cholesterol and heart risk · Lower LDL cholesterol · 12 interventions shown.

Health goalCholesterol and heart risk
SubgoalLower LDL cholesterol

Lower LDL cholesterol

Interventions tested: 12

Curcumin

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 31.1–52 mg/dL

Cases: 2Case range

Details

Member #1EB8E9's LDL cholesterol moved from 151.4 to 120.3 mg/dL in 106 days.

Curcumin

✓Repeated positive

Member #1EB8E9's LDL cholesterol moved from 151.4 to 120.3 mg/dL in 106 days.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE3/462female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before115After63mg/dL-45.2%

    223 days between measurements

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Curcumin window.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/457female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before151.4After120.3mg/dL-20.5%

    106 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Curcumin (lead), Probiotics (co), Bergamot (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Curcumin window.

logged members
2
members with repeats
2
observations
2
measurements
4

Full record

Estradiol patch

MedicationsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 15.1 mg/dL

Cases: 2

Details

Member #D9A2BF's LDL cholesterol moved opposite the goal, rising 13% while HDL and triglycerides improved.

Estradiol patch

↘Opposite direction

Member #D9A2BF's LDL cholesterol moved opposite the goal, rising 13% while HDL and triglycerides improved.

Little published human data on this link yet.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE3/457female

    LDL cholesterol rose 13% across the same six-month estradiol-patch window; paired values were not printed.

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Estradiol patch window.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/464female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before135After119.9mg/dL-11.2%

    162 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Estradiol transdermal gel (lead), Psyllium (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Estradiol patch window.

logged members
35
members with repeats
2
observations
2
measurements
4

Full record

Ezetimibe

MedicationsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 22–52 mg/dL

Cases: 4Case range

Details

Three members lowered LDL cholesterol in windows where ezetimibe was the most mechanistically established component of a larger combination.

Ezetimibe

✓Repeated positive

Three members lowered LDL cholesterol in windows where ezetimibe was the most mechanistically established component of a larger combination.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE4/467female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before168After116mg/dL-31%

    133 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Ezetimibe (lead), Estradiol (co), Psyllium (co), Curcumin (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Ezetimibe window.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/476female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before64After42mg/dL-34.4%

    308 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Ezetimibe (lead), Rosuvastatin (undated), Curcumin (undated), Berberine (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Ezetimibe window.

  3. Phoenix memberAPOE3/451female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before190After157mg/dL-17.4%

    148 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Ezetimibe (lead), Berberine (co), Estradiol vaginal (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Ezetimibe window.

  4. Phoenix memberAPOE4/461male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before128After83mg/dL-35.2%

    91 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Ezetimibe (lead), Lactobacillus reuteri (co), Psyllium (co), Berberine (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Ezetimibe window.

logged members
4
members with repeats
4
observations
4
measurements
8

Full record

Lithium orotate

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 15 %

Cases: 1

Context affected

Details

One curated lithium-orotate case lowered LDL cholesterol 15%; the report prints no paired values or elapsed days.

Lithium orotate

?Collecting evidence

One curated lithium-orotate case lowered LDL cholesterol 15%; the report prints no paired values or elapsed days.

Not explained by the science yetSame absence of a lithium-orotate lipid mechanism or human data applies to LDL.

logged members
77
members with repeats
1
observations
1
measurements
2

Collecting evidence

No answer yet on LDL cholesterol

Lithium orotate is being tracked against LDL cholesterol, but Phoenix has not yet published a ranked result for this exact question.

Every carrier who logs a dated start and a repeat test moves this page closer to an answer, including you.

Follow Lithium orotate research.

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Context affected this result: Not printed as of Release 001: low-dose lithium orotate has no established lipid mechanism in humans, and it never leads a printed combination. It is not published as a driver.

Full record

Metformin

MedicationsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 24 mg/dL

Cases: 1

Details

Member #2351C3's LDL cholesterol moved from 83 to 59 mg/dL in 881 days.

Metformin

✓Positive individual result

Member #2351C3's LDL cholesterol moved from 83 to 59 mg/dL in 881 days.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE4/456male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before83After59mg/dL-28.9%

    881 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Metformin (lead), Niacin (co), Rosuvastatin (co), Ezetimibe (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Metformin window.

logged members
1
members with repeats
1
observations
1
measurements
2

Full record

Niacin

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 12–14 mg/dL

Cases: 2Case range

Details

Member #4025C9's LDL cholesterol moved from 135 to 121 mg/dL in 255 days.

Niacin

✓Repeated positive

Member #4025C9's LDL cholesterol moved from 135 to 121 mg/dL in 255 days.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE4/456female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before135After121mg/dL-10.4%

    255 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Niacin (lead), Niacinamide (co), Curcumin (co), Turmeric (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Niacin window.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/453female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before114After102mg/dL-10.5%

    110 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Niacinamide (lead), Curcumin (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Niacin window.

logged members
2
members with repeats
2
observations
2
measurements
4

Full record

NMN

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 26.3 %

Cases: 1

Context affected

Details

One clean curated NMN case lowered LDL cholesterol 26.3% in 42 days; paired values were not published.

NMN

?Collecting evidence

One clean curated NMN case lowered LDL cholesterol 26.3% in 42 days; paired values were not published.

Not explained by the science yetNMN human trials target NAD+, insulin sensitivity and vascular measures; none establish an LDL-lowering mechanism.

logged members
1
members with repeats
1
observations
1
measurements
2

Collecting evidence

No answer yet on LDL cholesterol

NMN is being tracked against LDL cholesterol, but Phoenix has not yet published a ranked result for this exact question.

Every carrier who logs a dated start and a repeat test moves this page closer to an answer, including you.

Follow NMN research.

Get an email when Phoenix publishes a meaningful update. At most one combined update each week.

By continuing, you agree to receive updates about this topic. Unsubscribe anytime. Privacy policy

Context affected this result: Not printed as of Release 001: no known mechanism links NMN to LDL cholesterol. This case is not included in the printed cases or test-next list.

Full record

Plain omega-3

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 30 mg/dL

Cases: 1

Details

Member #1EA5B3's LDL cholesterol moved from 129 to 99 mg/dL, down 23.3%, across a one-year clean window.

Plain omega-3

✓Positive individual result

Member #1EA5B3's LDL cholesterol moved from 129 to 99 mg/dL, down 23.3%, across a one-year clean window.

Little published human data on this link yet.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE4/466male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before129After99mg/dL-23.3%

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Plain omega-3 window.

logged members
156
members with repeats
1
observations
1
measurements
2

Full record

Probiotics

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 32–41 mg/dL

Cases: 2Case range

Details

Two probiotic strains in two clean curated cases lowered LDL cholesterol by 32.7% and 26.1%.

Probiotics

✓Repeated positive

Two probiotic strains in two clean curated cases lowered LDL cholesterol by 32.7% and 26.1%.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix member69female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before157After116mg/dL-26.1%

    87 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Bergamot (lead), Red yeast rice (undated), Curcumin (undated), Lactobacillus reuteri (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: A human trial supports strain-specific LDL lowering, so Phoenix should record strain and dose rather than pool every probiotic.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE3/448female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before98After66mg/dL-32.7%

    59 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Statin (lead), Probiotics (co), Berberine (undated), Lysoveta (DHA-LPC) (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: A human trial supports strain-specific LDL lowering, so Phoenix should record strain and dose rather than pool every probiotic.

observations
2
measurements
4
Not yet measured: how to test it

A human trial supports strain-specific LDL lowering, so Phoenix should record strain and dose rather than pool every probiotic.

How to test it

Baseline
Record LDL cholesterol before the dated probiotic start.
Duration
84 days
Adherence
Record strain, dose and adherence throughout the window.
Retest
Repeat LDL cholesterol after 12 weeks.
Falsifier
A predeclared strain-specific cohort does not reproduce lower LDL cholesterol.
Eligible-member target
40 members

Full record

Psyllium

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 4–185 mg/dL

Cases: 2Case range

Details

LDL cholesterol moved from 263 to 78 mg/dL in 70 days, but an undated ezetimibe entry may be the real actor.

Psyllium

✓Repeated positive

LDL cholesterol moved from 263 to 78 mg/dL in 70 days, but an undated ezetimibe entry may be the real actor.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE4/455female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before263After78mg/dL-70.3%

    70 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Ezetimibe (lead), Psyllium (co), Estradiol patch (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: Psyllium and ezetimibe both have human LDL evidence, but the Phoenix case cannot assign the observed fall while the ezetimibe start is undated.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/467female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before57After53mg/dL-7%

    151 days between measurements

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: Psyllium and ezetimibe both have human LDL evidence, but the Phoenix case cannot assign the observed fall while the ezetimibe start is undated.

logged members
2
members with repeats
2
observations
2
measurements
4
Not yet measured: how to test it

Psyllium and ezetimibe both have human LDL evidence, but the Phoenix case cannot assign the observed fall while the ezetimibe start is undated.

How to test it

Baseline
Record LDL cholesterol before every dated intervention start.
Duration
84 days
Adherence
Track psyllium and ezetimibe separately throughout the window.
Retest
Repeat LDL cholesterol after 12 weeks.
Falsifier
The dated combination does not outperform each intervention tracked separately.
Eligible-member target
40 members

This result is under review: The case stays visible but is excluded from active ranks until every start is dated.

Full record

Statin family

MedicationsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Decrease 6–112 mg/dL

Cases: 4Case range

Details

Member #5AA27F's longer arc moved LDL cholesterol from 161 to 49 mg/dL, about 70% lower; the aggregate statin effect remains unresolved.

Statin family

✓Repeated positive

Member #5AA27F's longer arc moved LDL cholesterol from 161 to 49 mg/dL, about 70% lower; the aggregate statin effect remains unresolved.

Selected member cases

  1. Phoenix memberAPOE3/462female

    LDL cholesterol

    Before161After49mg/dL-69.6%

    353 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Statin (lead), Citicoline (co), Curcumin (undated), Estradiol patch (undated).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Statin family window.

  2. Phoenix memberAPOE4/454male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before66After60mg/dL-9.1%

    203 days between measurements

    Full stack credited: Statin (lead), Tirzepatide (co), Probiotics (co), Curcumin (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Statin family window.

  3. Phoenix memberAPOE4/455male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before47After30mg/dL-36.2%

    174 days between measurements

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Statin family window.

  4. Phoenix memberAPOE4/462male

    LDL cholesterol

    Before111After90mg/dL-18.9%

    157 days between measurements

    Consistent with established evidence

    Full stack credited: Atorvastatin (lead), Ezetimibe (co).

    What else changed and what to test next

    What else changed: no nearby starts were recorded.

    Next study: repeat LDL cholesterol after a dated Statin family window.

logged members
4
members with repeats
4
observations
4
measurements
8

Full record

Vitamin D3

SupplementsOutcomes: 1

LDL cholesterol: Increase 26 %

Cases: 1

Under review

Details

One clean curated APOE4/4 case moved opposite the goal, with LDL cholesterol rising 26% across 191 days.

Vitamin D3

?Collecting evidence

One clean curated APOE4/4 case moved opposite the goal, with LDL cholesterol rising 26% across 191 days.

Little published human data on this link yet.

logged members
159
members with repeats
1
observations
1
measurements
2

Collecting evidence

No answer yet on LDL cholesterol

Vitamin D3 is being tracked against LDL cholesterol, but Phoenix has not yet published a ranked result for this exact question.

Every carrier who logs a dated start and a repeat test moves this page closer to an answer, including you.

Follow Vitamin D3 research.

Get an email when Phoenix publishes a meaningful update. At most one combined update each week.

By continuing, you agree to receive updates about this topic. Unsubscribe anytime. Privacy policy

This result is under review: Not published as a finding: the only mechanism-plausible driver in this window has too little confirmed exposure before the after-draw for the window length, under the minimum-exposure rule adopted this release. The LDL rise is real. Phoenix does not attribute it to vitamin D3.

Full record

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