Understanding mild cognitive impairment through multimodal biomarkers and brain stimulation

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria:
MCI:
1. Males and females aged 65 years and older with single- and multiple-domain amnestic MCI
2. Meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-V) criteria for Mild Neurocognitive Disorder as determined by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V (SCID-5)
3. The mental ability to understand and sign the Informed Consent Form
4. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score from 19 to 25
Age-matched controls:
1. Healthy males and females aged 65  years and older without single- and multiple-domain amnestic MCI and without subjective cognitive decline
2. The mental ability to understand and sign the Informed Consent Form
3.  MoCA score  ≥26
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Psychiatric comorbidity on axis I and II according to DSM-V 6 months before enrolment in the study
2. Personality disorder that makes participation in the trial difficult
3. History of substance dependence in the last year except for nicotine
4. Contraindications of TMS and tES: history of epilepsy or any neurologic condition likely to increase risk of seizure, mass brain lesions, cerebrovascular accident, metal in the head, a history of major head trauma with unconsciousness longer than 5 minutes), skin diseases (contraindications to tES)
5. Subjects with severe somatic disorders (cardiovascular disease, neoplasms, endocrinological disorders, etc)
6. Subjects treated with electroconvulsive therapy less than 3 months before enrollment or suffering from neurologic disorder (e.g., epilepsy, head trauma with loss of consciousness) and subjects using any treatment which can strongly affect EEG
7. Substantial suicidal risk as judged by the treating psychiatrist
8. Sensory and motor impairment precluding the participation on computer tests
9. Claustrophobia

The sponsor's own eligibility wording, lightly reformatted. The study team makes the final eligibility decision — worth discussing with your doctor.

Eligibility criteria as of 2026-09-22